Communicable diseases, also known as infectious diseases, are caused by pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. These diseases are transmitted from person to person, often through direct contact with bodily fluids, contaminated objects, or the environment. Examples of communicable diseases include HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, influenza, and COVID-19.
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are chronic diseases that are not caused by infectious agents. These diseases develop over time and are often associated with lifestyle factors such as poor diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption. Examples of NCDs include cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases.
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